Discovering simulation models for reuse remains a fundamental challenge in Modeling and Simulation (M&S). When many models coexist, identifying those that align with a given modeling intent remains difficult. Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly retrieval-based approaches, offer a promising pathway to operate at this semantic layer. In this paper, we present an experimental study investigating the impact of data representation, transformer-based embedding models, and retrieval strategies on the discovery of simulation models using natural language queries. We evaluated performance across multiple query types using standard information retrieval metrics, including recall@5 and nDCG@5. Results show that data representation matters, open-source embedding models can achieve high performance, and reranking methods are important, especially as query complexity increases. This work provides a baseline for AI-driven model discovery and discusses its role in advancing toward AI-driven composability and interoperability.
Bayesian optimization (BO) is an optimization method that sequentially proposes the next candidate explainable variables for optimizing target variables by balancing exploration and exploitation. BO is often used under a limited evaluation budget, such as hyperparameter tuning of…
The integration of large language models (LLMs) into the nuclear power industry requires outputs grounded in domain-specific knowledge. This study evaluates a 31-billion-parameter open-weight multimodal model (Gemma 4 31B-IT) on its capacity to apply nuclear knowledge by benchmar…
Large language models (LLMs) and agents are now widely used tools in code development, with data typically sent to third-party cloud-based models. Their adoption in research using personal data is constrained by governance requirements that typically prohibit data transmission to…
Microsoft's Active Directory (AD) is a directory service that enables the IT admin to manage security permissions and control access within a Windows domain network. As a core management system in many of organisation, AD has become a primary target for adversaries. While many so…
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Utility data (e.g., electricity, water, and gas consumption), collected by ubiquitous sensors and embedded devices, often contains substantial missing values due to various factors such as device failures and data transmission issues. The data missingness can severely impact util…