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arxiveess.SY2026-07-08

Evaluating Grid Resilience in the Era of Ever-Increasing Data Centers

Yuhan Du, Erika Ardiles-Cruze, Javad Mohammadi

The rapid growth of artificial intelligence workloads is increasing the scale and concentration of data center demand, creating new concerns for power system resilience under disruptive events. This paper extends a validated multi-time-step DC optimal power flow framework to evaluate the impact of aggregated data center demand on contingency-induced unserved energy. Using an IEEE 30-bus system with flexible resources, we replace a conventional load at a contingency-exposed bus with an energy-matched constant data center load and examine two capacity-growth levels under generator derating, transmission line derating, and coupled derating. The results show that data center capacity growth substantially increases both system-level and data-center-bus unserved energy under transmission-constrained contingencies. Under coupled derating, the high-growth case increases total unserved energy from 3.203 MWh in the energy-matched case to 22.891 MWh. A supplementary energy-matched coincident-demand case further increases total unserved energy by 34.4%, indicating that temporally concentrated data center demand can amplify resilience impacts even without increasing total energy consumption.

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arxiveess.SYcs.AI2026-07-19

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arxiveess.SY2026-06-30

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arxiveess.SY2026-07-15

Assessing Risks of Hydro-Generator Shaft Fatigue from Data Center Load Oscillations

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Large AI data center loads can introduce persistent sub-synchronous active-power oscillations that may impact nearby generators by exciting torsional modes and increasing shaft stress. This paper presents a model-based framework for evaluating hydro-generator shaft fatigue risk u…

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arxiveess.SY2026-07-07

Inertia-Informed Federated Learning Control Framework for Distributed Smart Grid Resilience

Ibrahim Shahbaz, Omar Al-Refai, Eman Hammad

Resilient-by-design smart grid control demands frameworks capable of maintaining stability under physical disturbances and communication failures, without reliance on centralized coordination. While Centralized Training Decentralized Execution (CTDE) enables a learning-based cont…

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arxiveess.SY2026-07-13

A Hierarchical Semi-Markov Load Model for AI Data Centers Coupling Job Scheduling with Bulk-Synchronous-Parallel Power Dynamics

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AI data centers are emerging as a dominant new load class with their power dynamics fundamentally from conventional industrial loads. Inside a training job, the bulk-synchronous-parallel algorithm moves each node through compute, sync, and checkpoint steps, which swings power bet…

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arxiveess.SYcs.AI2026-07-03

Hierarchical Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Carbon-Aware AI Data Centers in Power Distribution Systems

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Eco-friendly energy management for artificial intelligence data centers (AIDCs) is crucial because of the significant increase in energy consumption-induced carbon emissions from AIDCs resulting from the rapid expansion of AI applications. This paper proposes a hierarchical carbo…

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