How readily people override intuitive conclusions through reflection shapes how they navigate dense information environments with reliable and misleading sources; yet the effectiveness of a prominent measure, the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT), is eroded by widespread exposure to classic items and leaves open how such tendencies manifest more generally in decision style and linguistic expression. The Behavioural Reflection Test (BRT) addresses these issues with a brief open-ended measure of reasoning in morally and epistemically charged scenarios, alongside a four-item bespoke CRT (bCRT) as a low-exposure anchor. Among 473 online adults, higher bCRT predicted more evidence-sensitive, ethically driven decisions and reliance on high-quality sources, marked by more emotionally engaged, risk-attentive, economical language; associations the familiarity-adjusted CRT did not recover. The bCRT showed convergent validity, added item information above mean ability. Though open-ended, the BRT remained a time-efficient (median 11.8 minutes) behavioural assay of reflection with scope to extend across domains.
Driver decision making in the dilemma zone at signalized intersections is safety critical, as vehicles approaching a yellow signal must decide whether to stop or proceed within limited time and distance margins. Accurate prediction of both stop-go decisions and decision timing is…
As LLMs become increasingly capable of completing tasks for users, a central concern is that everyday AI use may become primarily cognitive offloading, eroding the opportunities through which people develop their own capabilities. We analyse large-scale human--LLM conversations t…
Social intelligence, the ability to interpret others' emotions, beliefs, and intentions, is often assessed with the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), in which participants infer mental states from images of the eye region. Yet RMET is typically presented on paper or deskt…
A central challenge for digital health interventions aimed at improving habitual behaviors is deciding when to deliver an intervention prompt. For many daily habits, such as tooth brushing or eating, individuals tend to act around a usual time of day, but this timing is not fixed…
Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots (e.g., ChatGPT) can communicate in strikingly humanlike ways. This has prompted many chatbot users to attribute psychological properties, including consciousness, to these systems. However, there is little scientific evidence that current AI…
Standard automation ROI misses four categories of systemic risk -- tacit knowledge erosion, resilience reduction, regulatory exposure, and socio-institutional capital degradation -- that affect long-term organizational performance. PHP-AIO (Protocol for Human Preservation in AI-O…