The key-value (KV) cache has become a first-order memory object in LLM serving rather than a temporary per-request tensor. This survey classifies more than thirty KV-management systems and frameworks using four axes: locality, lifetime, ownership, and substrate. The axes reveal five architectural archetypes -- local-paged, disaggregated-pipeline, shared-store, memory-pool, and hybrid-tier. Once workload and hardware are fixed, ownership accounts for much of the remaining design variance among distributed systems. The survey also audits current evaluations and identifies seven missing KV-specific measurements, linking them to open problems in fault tolerance, isolation, tiered eviction, speculative decoding, MoE serving, and shared-cache semantics.
The increasing deployment of large language models (LLMs) has magnified the computational and memory bottlenecks of autoregressive decoding, where low compute intensity and bandwidth-bound kernels dominate inference cost. Weight pruning offers a promising remedy, but existing met…
In this work, we explore how the inference time of a Transformer Neural Network can be efficiently optimized with applications to real-time anomaly detection in financial time series. The financial time series are price series such as asset prices. Unfortunately, the data is ofte…
The energy consumption of Large Language Model (LLM) serving is becoming a major system challenge as deployment scales, driven by hardware power and thermal constraints and rising electricity costs. A key contributor to chip energy dissipation is data movement between limited on-…
With the rapid adoption of long-context large language models (LLMs), the continuously growing KV cache during decoding has become the critical memory bottleneck. To tackle this challenge, we propose HiKV, a novel algorithm-hardware co-design that exploits KV cache redundancy thr…
In recent years, with the development of big data technology, increasingly more companies use HDFS for data processing and storage. As a result, the maintenance of distributed file systems has become an extremely important part of data management. As the function of server system…
Industrial health management increasingly relies on heterogeneous information sources, including condition monitoring systems, supervisory control and data acquisition systems, maintenance records, inspection results, and prognostic models. Although large language models provide…