CORTEXA
← Browse
arxivcs.LGcs.AI2026-06-26

WattLayer: Get Layers Right to Estimate Inference Energy of Neural Networks

Adrien Sardi, Marie-Line Alberi Morel, Sara Alouf, Frédéric Giroire, Joanna Moulierac

The widespread adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has led to increasing concerns about energy consumption, yet there is a lack of standardized methodologies to accurately estimate AI inference energy consumption, particularly across various tasks and architectures. In this study, we propose a task independent, layer-wise energy estimation model for AI architectures. Our model is evaluated on a large dataset of more than 100,000 layers for 295 neural network architectures across 3 widely-used tasks and 3 distinct hardware platforms. Our approach achieves a median error of 19.6%, outperforming state-of-the-art methods. We further show that layer-wise decomposition generalize to new tasks without complete retraining, by leveraging shared layers across architectures. It offer tools, insights and a precise methodology to empower stakeholders in designing energy-efficient AI systems.

View free PDFSource page

Related papers

arxivcs.LGcs.AIcs.ARcs.DCcs.PFstat.CO2026-07-24

Optimizing Transformer Neural Network for Real-Time Outlier Detection on FPGAs

Ilia Sobakinskikh, Paul Alexander Bilokon

In this work, we explore how the inference time of a Transformer Neural Network can be efficiently optimized with applications to real-time anomaly detection in financial time series. The financial time series are price series such as asset prices. Unfortunately, the data is ofte…

View free PDFSource page
arxivcs.LGcs.AI2026-07-31

Implicit Machine Learning Force Fields Accelerate Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Johannes Maeß, Leon Werner, J. Thorben Frank, Winfried Ripken, Martin Michajlow, Joshua Futterer, et al.

We introduce implicit machine learning force fields (I-MLFFs), which replace explicit stacks of neural network layers with self-consistent fixed-point equations. In molecular simulations, this formulation enables intermediate representations to be reused across successive timeste…

View free PDFSource page
arxivcs.ARcs.AIcs.ETcs.LG2026-07-29

LLMET: Enabling Cross-Layer Evaluation of Emerging M3D Memories for Energy-Efficient LLM Serving

Ming-Yen Lee, Hanchen Yang, Faaiq Waqar, Harsono Simka, Tushar Krishna, Muhammed Ahosan Ul Karim, et al.

The energy consumption of Large Language Model (LLM) serving is becoming a major system challenge as deployment scales, driven by hardware power and thermal constraints and rising electricity costs. A key contributor to chip energy dissipation is data movement between limited on-…

View free PDFSource page
arxivcs.LGcs.AI2026-07-31

CENDRe: Concept Extraction with Natural Domain Representations

Antonia Holzapfel, Andres Felipe Posada Moreno, Sebastian Trimpe

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are widely used for time-series classification, but their deployment in critical domains requires understanding the temporal and spectral patterns that drive their predictions. Concept extraction (CE) methods identify such patterns by analyzin…

View free PDFSource page
arxivcs.LGcs.AI2026-07-24

\k{appa}-LoRA: Condition Numbers Reveal Which LoRA Matrices Worth Updating

Jianghui Wang, Silong Yong, Francesco Orabona, Marco Canini, Katia P. Sycara, Yaqi Xie

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has become a widely adopted technique for efficient neural network fine-tuning, decomposing model updates into low-rank matrices. However, LoRA remains computationally costly because it updates all matrices uniformly, regardless of their actual contribu…

View free PDFSource page