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crossrefFuture Internet2025-04-07Cited by 11

Multi-Class Intrusion Detection in Internet of Vehicles: Optimizing Machine Learning Models on Imbalanced Data

Ágata Palma, Mário Antunes, Jorge Bernardino, Ana Alves

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) presents complex cybersecurity challenges, particularly against Denial-of-Service (DoS) and spoofing attacks targeting the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. This study leverages the CICIoV2024 dataset, comprising six distinct classes of benign traffic and various types of attacks, to evaluate advanced machine learning techniques for instrusion detection systems (IDS). The models XGBoost, Random Forest, AdaBoost, Extra Trees, Logistic Regression, and Deep Neural Network were tested under realistic, imbalanced data conditions, ensuring that the evaluation reflects real-world scenarios where benign traffic dominates. Using hyperparameter optimization with Optuna, we achieved significant improvements in detection accuracy and robustness. Ensemble methods such as XGBoost and Random Forest consistently demonstrated superior performance, achieving perfect accuracy and macro-average F1-scores, even when detecting minority attack classes, in contrast to previous results for the CICIoV2024 dataset. The integration of optimized hyperparameter tuning and a broader methodological scope culminated in an IDS framework capable of addressing diverse attack scenarios with exceptional precision.

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crossrefFuture Internet2025-10-08Cited by 6

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Hospital fraud detection has often relied on periodic audits that miss evolving, internet-mediated patterns in electronic claims. An artificial intelligence and machine learning pipeline is being developed that is leakage-safe, imbalance aware, and aligned with operational capaci…

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crossrefFuture Internet2025-09-11Cited by 17

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crossrefFuture Internet2026-02-21Cited by 4

Machine Learning-Driven Intrusion Detection for Securing IoT-Based Wireless Sensor Networks

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become a critical component of modern Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructures; however, their constrained resources and distributed deployment expose them to various cyber threats. In this work, we present a machine learning-driven intrusion…

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crossrefFuture Internet2026-04-27Cited by 1

Enhancing Network Intrusion Detection with Quantum Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Survey of Methods, Metrics, and Applications

Antanios Kaissar, Ali Bou Nassif, Ahmed Bouridane

Quantum computing introduces new computational capabilities that can support advanced cybersecurity solutions when combined with machine learning. In recent years, quantum machine learning (QML) has emerged as a promising approach for enhancing network intrusion detection systems…

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crossrefFuture Internet2026-01-09Cited by 4

Intrusion Detection for Internet of Vehicles CAN Bus Communications Using Machine Learning: An Empirical Study on the CICIoV2024 Dataset

Hop Le, Izzat Alsmadi

The rapid integration of connectivity and automation in modern vehicles has significantly expanded the attack surface of in-vehicle networks, particularly the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus, which lacks native security mechanisms. This study investigates machine learning-based…

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crossrefFuture Internet2025-07-18Cited by 14

Enhancing Security in 5G and Future 6G Networks: Machine Learning Approaches for Adaptive Intrusion Detection and Prevention

Konstantinos Kalodanis, Charalampos Papapavlou, Georgios Feretzakis

The evolution from 4G to 5G—and eventually to the forthcoming 6G networks—has revolutionized wireless communications by enabling high-speed, low-latency services that support a wide range of applications, including the Internet of Things (IoT), smart cities, and critical infrastr…

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